tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33580954955465084732024-03-06T06:22:13.480+05:00VUsolutions VU Solved Old Past Mid Final Term Papers Quizzes GDBs Final Projects Internship ReportsA blog for SOLVED Past/old VU papers, online quizzes, assignments, GDBs etc. [virtual.uni.help@gmail.com, vusolutions.past.papers@gmail.com]Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comBlogger1096125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-18673115104117574272011-12-23T23:18:00.003+05:002012-02-03T23:56:05.044+05:00This Website now MOVED<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
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</div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-77054576125274509182011-12-08T16:36:00.001+05:002011-12-08T16:36:26.258+05:00CS602 VU Midterm Papers Current Virtual University of Pakistan (www.vusolutions.com)<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">CS602 VU Midterm Papers Current Virtual University of Pakistan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br> </font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> Write down pseudo code or a function in C/C++, which will take Sx and Sy as parameters and scale points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) with respect to point (xf , yf ).(5)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> Can we fragment a polygon into several polygons in polygon clipping? Give reasons to support your answer. (3)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> How Orthographical projection is characterized and what is meant by term oblique parallel projection? (3)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> Both the Cohen Sutherland and the Liang Barsky algorithms can be extended to three-dimensional clipping. The given statement either right or wrong, give comment?(2)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> Write down the types of axonometric projections. (2)</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br> </font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">> Give the case in which Boundary Filling Algorithm can not work? (2)</font></div><div><br></div> Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-77758249022017666062011-12-08T16:33:00.001+05:002011-12-08T16:33:09.392+05:00Mgt401 VU Midterm Current Papers of Virtual University of Pakistan (www.vusolutions.com)<div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Mgt401 VU Midterm Current Papers of Virtual University of Pakistan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br> </font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">1 Briefly discuss (5)</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Historical cost</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Current cost</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Realizable value</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">2 Write down the component of financial statement with respect to the IASB FRAMEWORK..(3)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">3 If balance janurary (1, 2008) 100 units,9 Rs per unit</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br> </font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Jan 1 received 100 units,8 Rs per unit</font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Jan 3 issued 100 units </font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">Then calculate the value of inventories of January 3,2008 using weighted average method.(5)</font></div> <div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif"><br></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="verdana, sans-serif">4 question yaad nhi</font></div> Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-30202942019673315262011-12-04T21:18:00.008+05:002011-12-04T21:41:33.595+05:00Pak301 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Pak301 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How was the response of Muslim League over Cabinet Mission Plan, 1946? 2 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Shortly explain the Third Roundtable Conference (1932). 2 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Write down the names of the members of the Simla Deputation. 2 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Briefly discuss the views of Chaudhry Rehmet Ali for the State of Pakistan. 3 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Shortly explain the division of military assets between India and Pakistan after Independence. 3 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Draw attention towards the Jallianwala Bagh Incident (1919). 5 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Point out the main features Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919. 5 Marks</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-14274013745254309412011-12-04T21:18:00.007+05:002011-12-04T21:41:27.806+05:00Mkt630 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mkt630 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">22 mcqz .....17 was from past papers</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">questions was 2 much conceptual and complicated</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">related to primary data,factors to expand a brand/product in an other country</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Another:</b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1 )about primary data</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) factors to expand a brand in new global market</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3)why government interfere in defence law ????? istrah ka question tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4)difference b/w open end and close end questions.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5)last wala ajib sa tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">ya paper international marketing ka kam or research method ka ziada lag raha tha :D :p</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Another:<br />
<br />
</b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">objective questions:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total 22 objective questions</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">almost 16-17 objective questions were from past papers </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><b>subjective questions:</b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total 5 questions</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Compare and contrast closed-end questions and open-end questions for gathering data. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Differentiate these two terms with at least one (5 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">define fixed exchange system and flexible exchange system and their characteristics (5 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 questions were of 3,3,3 marks and based on concepts.there were scenario and then the solution was required.</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-73215453054592400702011-12-04T21:18:00.006+05:002011-12-04T21:41:23.897+05:00Mkt624 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mkt624 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total 27 questions.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">22 objective questions.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">only 3-4 questions were from past papers Sad</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">all other mcqs were new..</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">subjective questions:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 questions of 3,3,3 marks </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 questions of 5,5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1.why brand extension is better instead of launching new brand? (5 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2.define need based segmentation and its examples?(5 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3.discuss in what situations brand extension is necessary?give example of</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">each situation.(3 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4.wht are the positions discussed by scot davis? (3 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5.one more question from scot.davis theory (3marks)</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-23648419028695240642011-12-04T21:17:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:39:49.649+05:00Mgt501 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt501 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Total mcqs =28</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">25 mcqs from old papers</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">------------------</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Subjective</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1 -Early mojrity customers. (3 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2- Function decision (3 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3-Commercialization (5 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Another:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">32 questions................</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28 mcqs.........90% from past papers...........</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">long questions......</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 of 3 marks.............</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 of 5 marks.............</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">what is difference between pricing and promotion of convenience and shopping products?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">why picing is more important and more difficult?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">conjoint analysis?</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-61589675314005358872011-12-04T21:17:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:39:48.575+05:00Mgt613 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt613 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Why some multinational corporations feel that globalization is not a good option?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The western worlds call these the disadvantages of Globalization, if an organization</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">decides to pack up its business and leave a host company.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Disadvantages to Globalization</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The common disadvantages which lead to a MNC forgoing globalization includes.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Handing over proprietary Technology to host countries.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Political risks.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Poor Employee (Managers and worker) skills.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Slow customer response time.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Effective communication between interfaces difficult</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Managing Global Operations</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">When organizations become global they often end up paying a heavy price in terms of</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">managing complex managerial issues and challenges.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Host country languages</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Host Country Norms and Customs.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Workforce management</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Unfamiliar laws and regulations.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Unexpected Cost mix.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 42 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Do you perceive that operation management and operation research are the same concepts?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">NO both concepts are different from each other; we can elaborate both in the following manner:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operation Management:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operations management is an area of management concerned with overseeing, designing, and redesigning business operations in </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the production of goods and/or services. It involves the responsibility of ensuring that business operations are efficient in </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">terms of using as little resources as needed, and effective in terms of meeting customer requirements. It is concerned with </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">managing the process that converts inputs (in the forms of materials, labor, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and/or services).</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The relationship of operations management to senior management in commercial contexts can be compared to the relationship of </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">line officers to the highest-level senior officers in military science. The highest-level officers shape the strategy and </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">revise it over time, while the line officers make tactical decisions in support of carrying out the strategy.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operation Research:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operations research (also referred to as decision science or management science) is an interdisciplinary mathematical science </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">that focuses on the effective use of technology by organizations. In contrast, many other science & engineering disciplines </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">focus on technology giving secondary considerations to its use.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Employing techniques from other mathematical sciences — such as mathematical modeling, statistical analysis, and mathematical </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">optimization — operations research arrives at optimal or near-optimal solutions to complex decision-making problems.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Because of its emphasis on human-technology interaction and because of its focus on practical applications, operations </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">research has overlap with other disciplines, notably industrial engineering and management science, and draws on psychology </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and organization science. Operations Research is often concerned with determining the maximum (of profit, performance, or </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">yield) or minimum (of loss, risk, or cost) of some real-world objective.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 29 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Write down at least three ways of improving reliability of a system.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">We should develop the ability to understand the importance of reliability and at</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the same time identify the ways in which Reliability can be improved in the following</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">generic ways.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Component design: Parts of a car</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Production/assembly techniques: No reworks also fool proof assembly.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Testing: for trouble free final product</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Redundancy/backups: not possible all the time but common remedy.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Preventive maintenance procedures</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. User education (operating manuals)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">7. System design (we will discuss in later chapters, a senior management issue, but</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">indicative that reliability is always considered VIP)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">8. Research & Development (R&D) : Organized efforts to increase scientific</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">knowledge or product innovation & may involve:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 30 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What qualities does a successful job design contain?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">A successful Job Design must have the following qualities</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Carried out by experienced personnel who have the necessary training and</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">background.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Consistent with the goals of the organization.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. in documented form.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Understood and agreed by both management and employees.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Shared with the new employees.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Factors that affect Job Design</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 32 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">"Standardization plays an important role in product design". How will you describe</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">this role?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Standardization is the extent to which there is an absence of variety in a product,</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">service or process. Standardized products are immediately available to customers. You</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">go to a market and request for a charger for your cellular phone, the shopkeeper would</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">ask for the model, make and deliver you as special product which is made by your cell</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">phone company or by an independent manufacturer, who provides a standardized</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">compatible model.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 29 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are the reasons that support the use of process layout?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Product layouts are used to achieve a smooth and rapid flow of large volumes of goods</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and customers through a system.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. The work is divided into a series of standardized tasks, permitting specialization of</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">both labor and equipment.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. The large volumes handled by these systems make it pertinent and necessary to</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">invest in equipment and job design.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Layouts should be arranged to make the best use of technological processing abilities</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to fulfill the requirements of both product and services.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. In manufacturing environments the lines are referred to as production lines or assembly</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lines, depending on the type of activity involved.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. In services side, the word line may or may not be used like Healthcare/Hospital</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Services line, Carwash (absence of word line here) or Cafeteria Line.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">7. Without standardization, many of the benefits of the repetitive processing are lost.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">8. Product Layouts achieve a high degree of labor and equipment utilization, which tends</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to offset their high equipment costs.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">9. Operations are so closely tied up that a mechanical failure or high absenteeism (rains)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">would increase vulnerability of the Systems.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">10. We can prevent breakdowns if we religiously follow preventive maintenance</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">schedules, inspection and replacement of worn parts.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 30 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Suppose you are the operations manager of a manufacturing firm, why would you</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">perceive concurrent engineering as a suitable approach with reference to product</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">design?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Concurrent Engineering:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Concurrent engineering is the bringing together of engineering design and</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">manufacturing personnel early in the design phase.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Why Suitable Approach to product Design:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Manufacturing Personnel are able to identify production capabilities and</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">capacities .They have thus the opportunity to inform the design group about the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">suitability of certain materials on the flipsides the designer would know the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">suitability of certain designs in aiding in cost reduction and quality improvement</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">in production/assembly process.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Early opportunities for design or procurement of critical tooling, some of which</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">might have long lead times. This can result in a major shortening of the product</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">development process, which should be a key competitive advantage.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Early consideration of the Technical Feasibility of a particular design or a portion</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">of a design. Again this can avoid serious problems during production. The</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">emphasis can be on problem resolution instead of conflict resolution.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 31 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which process system would you suggest for the following business/industry?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">French restaurants (Job Shop Process)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Heavy equipment (Batch Flow Process)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sugar refinery (Continuous Flow Process)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Automobile assembly (Product layout)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Commercial printer (Job Shop Process)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 32 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In some organizations capacity planning takes place very regularly and in some it</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">takes place seldom. What are the factors that influence the frequency of capacity</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">planning?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">FACTORS INFLUENCE THE FREQUENCY OF CAPACITY PLANNING:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Capacity strategy for long-term demand which focus on demand patterns and takes into</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">account growth rate and variability</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Facilities that focus on cost of building and operating</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Technological changes relate to rate and direction of technology changes</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Behavior of competitors</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Availability of capital and other inputs</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 29 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Write down the characteristics of well designed service system?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. A well designed system should be well versed with organization vision & mission.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. It should cost effective</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. User friendly & sustainable.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. It should have ability to make effective link between front & backend operations.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Accommodation of variable changes in future.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Simple requirements & handling few customer at every customer centre.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 30 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What qualities does a successful job design contain?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">A successful job design contains following qualities.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Carried out by experience personal who have necessary training & background.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Consistent with goals of organization</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Shared with new employees</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. In documented Form</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Understood & agreed by both management & employees</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Factors that affect job design.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 31 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Suppose you want to estimate the time required to perform a certain task by the two</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">employees. One employee's study yielded a mean of 6.4 minutes and standard</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">deviation of 2.1 minutes with 95% confidence Interval. Other employee's study</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">yielded a mean of 2.1 minutes and standard deviation of 6.4 minutes with confidence</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">interval of 95%. Now how many observations you will need if desired maximum</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">error is 10% of sample mean? (z= 1.96) Do both the employees have same number</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">of observations?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Employee # 1:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mean time = X = 6.4mints</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Standard Deviation = S = 2.1mint.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">z = 1.96</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Error = A = 10% = 0.1</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">n = (zs/ax) 2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= [(1.96) (2.1)/ (0.1) (6.4)] 2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= [4.116/0.64]2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= (6.43125)2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= 41.36</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">41 observations</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Employee # 2:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mean time = X = 2.1mints</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Standard Deviation = S = 6.4mint.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">z = 1.96</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Error = A = 10% = 0.1</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">n = (zs/ax) 2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= [(1.96) (6.4)/ (0.1) (2.1)] 2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= [12.544/0.21]2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= (59.733)2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">= 3568.03</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3568 observations</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 32 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In some organizations capacity planning takes place very regularly and in some it</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">takes place seldom. What are the factors that influence the frequency of capacity</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">planning?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">FACTORS INFLUENCE THE FREQUENCY OF CAPACITY PLANNING:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Capacity strategy for long-term demand which focus on demand patterns and takes into</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">account growth rate and variability</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Facilities that focus on cost of building and operating</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Technological changes relate to rate and direction of technology changes</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Behavior of competitors</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Availability of capital and other inputs</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Paper No. 05</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are some of the reasons that do not favor the use of process layout?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Creates dull, repetitive jobs.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Poorly skilled workers may not maintain equipment or quality of output of service.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Fairly inflexible to changes in volume.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Highly susceptible to shutdowns.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Needs preventive maintenance.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Individual incentive plans are impractical</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operations management does not work in isolation within an organization. How</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">would you relate marketing, finance and other functions to operations function?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Functions with in an Organization</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> The Operations function consists of all activities that are directly related to</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">production of a good or service.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Operations function exist in services like healthcare, Police, Traffic,</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">transportation, consultancy, food handling, restaurants etc.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Operations function forms the core of all businesses.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Operations and Marketing</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Value addition refers to conversion of raw materials to finished goods or services.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Value added often refers to the difference between the cost of the raw material</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and the price of the finished good.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> The revenues from selling goods is used in betterment of existing product or</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">service or R &D, investment in new facilities and equipments</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Weeding out or eliminating non value adding operations. E.g. Storage of goods</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">which have been produced ahead of scheduled production, increases storage and</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">inventory costs. reducing storage cost would reduce transformation cost and thus</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">increase value addition</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Marketing relates to selling of a good or service of the organization through</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">advertising and pricing decisions.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Marketing department assesses the customer's needs and communicate it to the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">operations people on short term and design people on the long term basis.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Operations people need information about demand over a short range in order</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to purchase raw materials or manage inventory or schedule production</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">plan where as the design people need information to redesign or simply</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">sign new products or services.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Marketing provides valuable information about the competitors customers needs</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and communicate it to the operations people on short term and design people on</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the long term basis.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Finance</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> The finance function focuses on activities that relate to securing resources at</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">favorable prices and then allocating these resources through out the organization.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Finance and Operation Personnel exchange information and expertise in the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">following way</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Budgets</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Economic analysis of investment proposal</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Provision of funds</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 42 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Calculate the exponential smoothing forecasts from the following data for the 6th</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">period with constant (alpha) 0.40.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Period No. of complaints</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1 60</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 65</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 55</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4 58</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5 64</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">FORMULAE: Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Coming timer period forecasting value</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft-1 = 1 Past time forecasting value</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">a = Alpha Smoothing constant</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At-1 = 1 Past time actual occurrence</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 1:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60 + 0.40 (0)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 02:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 60 + 0.40 (60 – 60)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60 + 0.40 (0)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 03:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 60 + 0.40 (65 – 60)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60 + 0.40 (5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 60 +2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 62</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 04:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 62 + 0.40 (55 – 62)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 62 + 0.40 (-7)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 62 – 2.8</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 59.2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 05:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 59.2 + 0.40 (58 – 59.2)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 59.2 + 0.40 (-0.48)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 59.2 – 0.192</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = 59.008</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">At Period 06:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft = Ft -1 + a (At-1 – Ft-1)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 59.008 + 0.40 (64 – 59.008)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 59.008 + 0.40 (4.992)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 59.008 + 1.9968</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ft= 61.0048</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Paper No. 09</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 29 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How many multiple plant strategies are used in a company having multiple</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">manufacturing facilities?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mostly following are the below given multiple manufacturing facilities are used</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">With combination in plant strategies;</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">• Product plant strategy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">• Market area plant strategy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">• Process plant strategy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 30 (Marks: 3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are the key steps involved in formulating a capacity planning strategy?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Following are the key steps involved in formulating a capacity planning strategy;</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Steps for formulating a Capacity Planning Strategy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Estimate future capacity requirements</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Evaluate existing capacity</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Identify alternatives</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Conduct financial analysis</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Assess key qualitative issues</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Select one alternative</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">7. Implement alternative chosen</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">8. Monitor results</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 31 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Suppose you are the operations manager of ABC Corporation. To develop</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">competence in business operations, you have to decide either to rely on the facilities</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">available in-house or outsource.What are some of the factors you would base the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">decision on?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Following are the factors which are available to us in order to decide whether to develop</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">a competence in house or outsource competent organization to supply that product,</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">service or particular expertise.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Available capacity if an organization has the equipment, necessary skills and</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">time, it often makes sense to produce an item or perform a service in house. The</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">additional costs would be relatively small compared with those required to buy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">items or subcontract them.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Expertise. If a firm lacks the expertise to do a job satisfactorily, buying might be</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">a reasonable alternative.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Quality considerations. Firms that specialize can usually offer higher quality</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">than an organization can attain itself. Conversely, special quality requirements or</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the ability to closely monitor quality may cause an organization to perform a job</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">itself.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Nature of demand. When demand for an item is high and steady, the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">organization is often better off doing the work itself. However, wide fluctuations</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">in demand or small orders are usually better handled by specialists, who are able</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to combine orders from multiple sources, which results in higher volume and tend</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to offset individual buyer fluctuation.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Cost. Any cost savings achieved from buying or making must be weighed against</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the preceding factors. Cost savings might come from the item itself or from</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">transportation cost savings.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Risk. Outsourcing or buying the services carries risk; often companies retain</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">flexibility by carrying out certain critical activities in house and repetitive menial</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">activities through outsourcing.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Given the table:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Alternatives Possible future demand</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Low (Rs.) High (Rs.)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Small facility 10,000 8,000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Medium facility 12,000 20,000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Large facility 18,000 15,000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Calculate Maximax, Laplace and Minimax regret?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Maximax:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Choose the Best maximum Value for MAXIMAX approach which is 20,000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Laplace:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Small facility = 10000+8000=18000/2 =9000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Medium facility = 12000+20000 = 32000/2 = 16000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Large facility = 18000+15000 = 33000/2= 16500</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">So the Best Possible average is 16500 Laplace.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Minimax:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The minimum Amount is Rs. 8000</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 42 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Suppose you are working as an operation manager in an automobile company. Your</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">company wants to move its manufacturing plant from one location to other location.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What factors will affect the location decision according to your point of view?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Factors Affecting Location Decisions</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The process of determining a geographic site for firms operations takes into</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">account both manufacturing and marketing aspects. We just focus on the</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">manufacturing aspects as it's more closely related to Operations Management</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Manufacturing</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Favorable Labor Climate</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Proximity to markets.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Quality of Life</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Proximity of Suppliers and Resources.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Proximity to the Parent Company's facilities.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Utilities, Taxes and Real estate costs.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Other factors ( expansion, construction costs, and location near the highway or</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">main railways)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Paper No. 12</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How would you reveal the usefulness of naive forecasts?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Naive forecasting (NF) techniques are quantitative forecasting tools that use only</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the historical data of the variable being forecasted in the analysis. Therefore, all</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">other influences that may impact on the variable are excluded from the analysis</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and the forecast.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> NF provides a convenient way to generate quick and easy forecasts for the short</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">time horizon.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Forecast is not affected by environment.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> The forecast will miss turning points.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 41 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">ABC Corporation has planned to purchase a new machine. Total annual fixed cost</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">is Rs. 15,000: variable cost is Rs. 5 per unit and revenue is Rs. 7 per unit.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">•What would be the break even point?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">•What would be the breakeven point if variable cost gets increased by 10%, revenue</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">decreased by 10% and fixed remains same?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Part A:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q=Fixed Cost/ Revenue – Variable Cost</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =15000/7.5</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =7500 units</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Part B:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q = Fixed Cost/ Revenue – Variable Cost</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =15000/7-0.7-(5+0.5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =15000/6.3-5.5</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =15000/0.8</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q =18750 units</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 42 (Marks: 5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is demand management? Explain its various factors?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Demand Management:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Demand management is the process of cutting cost by influencing the quantity</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">and/or specification of the products and services you are procuring.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The following are the Factors of Demand Management:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Finished Goods/Services</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Raw Material</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Component Parts</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"> Sub-Assemblies etc</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Paper No. 14</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-88428448930479096072011-12-04T21:16:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:39:38.822+05:00mgt611 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">mgt611 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total question 27</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">23 mcqs</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 numbers ky questions 2 thay</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5 numbers question 2 thay</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">yeh pattern hy paper ka</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">baray 5 no walay question my first tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">q no 26 total marks 5</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">define the therms and condition parties entering to a compentent contract.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">q no 27 total marks 5</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">define the wagering contract under the section 30 of the contract act 1972.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">yeh 2 baray question thy 5 5 numbers ky</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-13760778984551752192011-12-04T21:16:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:39:35.158+05:00MGT603 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGT603 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">100% mcqs were from past papers including long questions.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Long question were:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Define cost/benefit analysis?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. What activities are performed in strategy evaluation stage under controlling function of </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">management?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. In your opinion, what can be the circumstances when a Low Cost Producer in an industry </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">brings effectiveness?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. What are strengths and weaknesses of an organization? Explain with the help of examples.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGT603 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">paper or it was too easy, </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total questions was 32, </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28 MCQs and </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4 long questions and </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">all objective+ subjective from past papers </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">except 8 MCQs but they was also understanding. </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">subjective questions are following,</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What should be the characteristics of a firm that is successfully pursuing a Cost Leadership Strategy? Enlist any six of </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">them.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Six characteristics of successfully persuing cost leadership strategy firm:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1-Limited perks.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2-High efficiency.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3- Low overhead.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4-Wide spans of control.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5-Intensive screening of budget.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6-Employees participation in cost control efforts.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 31 ( Marks: 5 )</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">List down and explain five steps that comprise an effective framework for conducting an EFE Matrix.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGT603 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28mcqs 4 subjective (3+3+5+5 marks)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">90%MCQS were from past papers</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Subjective questions are as follows:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Porters Five forces model (5marks)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Conditions for Horizontal Integration (5 marks)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Benefits of Vertical Integration(3 marks)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">If a firm has a score of 2.85 on IFE matrix, what does this represents? (3 marks)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt603 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Total Marks = 44</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Total Question= = 32</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCQS = 28</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Subjective 3 marks = 2</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Subjective 5 marks = 2 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are Activity Ratios? (3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is market penetration strategy, Please explain with an example</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">from a local or multinational firm (3)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are the five forces of Porter's Model? (5)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What can be possible situations in which market develpment would be a particularly a </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">good strategy to be pursued (5)</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-84351254918521751932011-12-04T21:15:00.002+05:002011-12-04T21:39:28.885+05:00MGt503 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGt503 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCQ's kush to handouts say thay or kush logically ab yea nahi pata k wo Past papers mai say thay ya nahi q k mai koi past </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">paper nahi kerta.....</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div></span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All subjective Questions jo thay wo Logically pochay gay muj say Case Study bana ker...</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Reebok company nai $100000 award rakha hai jo k awareness day ga human rights per... Reebok nai yea prize q rakha or iss ka </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">ussay kya faida ho ga...</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Aik swal tha k Organization mai decisions liyea jatay hain or yea decisions kon kon say level per kon lay ga or kiss trha k </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">decisions lay ga.....</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">baqi 2 questions bhi logicaly hi thay </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt503 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All 28 MCQ in Previous Paper</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 Question 3 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1-Open and close system</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2- </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 question 5 Marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1- Opportunity problem</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2- Management Approaches</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-22731626901053259512011-12-04T21:14:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:39:24.959+05:00Mgt501 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt501 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How to avoid glass cieling effect in recuitment</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How to deal with surplus of manpower - Restrict Hiring, LayOffs,Early Retirement, Reduced Working Hours</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How to evaluate training.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Make a job specification of HR specialist.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt501 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">subjective and objective is objective is totole mcqs of 28 all past from 6 mid term paper of adnan awaan and subjective is :</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 Marks = 2 Quesion</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1) being a interviwer what should skill req?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) i forget..............?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5 Marks</span></div></div><div><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1) a student is both leg is paralazed means legs are not work and he is want to join a medical colleage but the college </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">adminstrator not allow to addmit in colleage. is this discrimination .</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div></span></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) if you comand the group of student and the method to revised the interpersonal what this right and who method is used?</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-53653477091726828082011-12-04T21:14:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:39:19.819+05:00MGT411 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGT411 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">32 Questions they aur</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28 MCQ</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 Question of short answer (3 of each</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 long Questions(5 of each</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Why stocks are risky</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Different strategies to minimize the risk.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Stock holder rate of return calculate karna tha aur aik questions that treasury bills ke hawalay se</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Bs aap is paper ko must dekh kr jae</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MGT411 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">32 Questions they</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28 MCQ</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 Question of short answer (3 of each</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 long Questions(5 of each</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">explain inflation risk in detail</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">"People differ in their opinions of how stocks should be valued". Discuss it.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">differentiate between YTM and current yield</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Another:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">bond chapter me se mcqs b the kafi sare aur yield to maturity ka aik question tha ye 5 no ka tha</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">current yield aur yield to maturity ko define karna tha 3 no ka tha sawal</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">aur bubbles ko define karna tha 5 no ka tha ye b</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">aur koi stock wala b tha numarical question</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">aur mcq easy b the aur mushkal b</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Another:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q1 risk averse,risk neutral,risk lover? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q2 stocks are risky? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q3 inflation risk? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q4 people opinion about risk are valued? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">mcq were 28</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-71324482793749384122011-12-04T21:13:00.007+05:002011-12-04T21:39:13.516+05:00Mgt211 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mgt211 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">- What causes disequilibrium in the balance of trade? 5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">- What factors are responsible for a successful business? 5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">- What factors forced towards the Equal Opportunity Employement? 5 marks</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-10332109077064920602011-12-04T21:13:00.006+05:002011-12-04T21:39:12.186+05:00MCM-304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCM-304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MID TERM DEC.2011</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">From which city Kohistan started its publications?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lahore</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Karachi</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Rawalpindi</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Peshawar</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which newspaper showed neutral or impartial behavior in the 1970 elections?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Massawat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Azad</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jasarat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which Newspaper presented Pakistan Peoples' Party in 1969-1970 elections?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Awaz</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Masawat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jasarat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In sub Continent, East India Company started publishing its papers in which language?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Select correct option:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">English</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Hindi</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Urdu</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">French</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which date was announced by General Yahya for the elections?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">May 1969 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Dec 1969 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">May 1970 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Dec 1970</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Imroz published an article on the problems of women. What was its title? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Aurat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Khawateen aur un kay masail</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Khatoon ki Nazar Main</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Wajod e zan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">_________was the only air line to bride up the gap of two wings of Pakistan.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">British airlines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">PIA</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Aero Asia</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Indian air lines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1953 'Kohistan' was published by a famous novel writer---------------------- </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Amjad Islam Amjad </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Nasim Hijazi </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Imtiaz Taj</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ashgar Nadeem Syed</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1960, Magazines were replaced by----------------.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Newsletters</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Research articles </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Digests </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Add magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Local Bodies elections were held in __________ by the Gen Zia government.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Select correct option: </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1984 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1985</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1986</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1987</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Government does not give advertisements to -------------------- newspapers.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Pro government</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Anti government </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">LOcal newspaper </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the given options</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto signed _____________agreement with the Indian Government.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Select correct option:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Shimla</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lahore </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Calcutta </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Delhi</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">According to the Press Act, the declaration was submitted to whom?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Deputy Commissioner</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Assistant Commissioner</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Information Minister </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Chairman of National Press Trust</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The right to refuse the declaration was given to the Deputy Commissioner in which of the following options?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ayub Khan's Era</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">General Yahiya's Era</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Bhutto's Era </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">General Musharraf's Era</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In general Zia's era Pakistani papers started to think that ____________is a sensitive issue so they do not to touch such </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">issue in the editorial and articles.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Politics</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">War </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religion </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Culture</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The first news agency of Pakistan was ________________.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">United Press of Pakistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">United Press of Pakistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Pakistan press International </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Press trust of Pakistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">_______ took the place of literary magazines.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religious magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Fashion magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Digest magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Political magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Every reporter in a newspaper has a special ________.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Skill </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Page </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Event </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Beat</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the given is a state owned News agency?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">APP</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">PPI</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">UPP</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the given options</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the following newspapers were taken under the control of NPT Except:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lail o Nihar </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Daily Mashriq </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Dawn</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Hilal-e-Pakistan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Who abrogated the first constitution of Pakistan?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sikander Mirza</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">General Ayub Khan </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mohammed khan junejo </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ghulam Ishaq khan</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">_____________ are considered as the most popular periodicals worldwide.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Literary magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religious magazines </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Film magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Political magazines</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">United Press of Pakistan came into existence in December_________. </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1947 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1948 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1949 </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1950</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following act was imposed in 1919? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Police Act</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Gagging Act</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Rowlett Act</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">None of these</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the following magazines have vanished after 1960s Except:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sawera</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Naqash </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Tahleeq</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Naya daur</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following could be a source for getting news?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">News agencies </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Radio </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Television </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the given options</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Major contribution of periodicals in the history of Pakistan had been in the area of_____________.</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Politics </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Literature</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Freedom</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religion</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are the English and Urdu Newspaper Policies for Religious Extremism? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Write down few International News Agencies. </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Difference between writing of a News agency and a Newspaper. </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What you know about Rowlett Act 1919?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What kind of problems Pakistan had faced after Dhaka Fall?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are the basic three essential parts of the newspaper now a days? Ans:(hint-(a) Advertising, (b) News (Editorial)- </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lesson,15)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What editorial has importance in a newspaper and what you know about the editorial page?</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-61223474751353648272011-12-04T21:13:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:39:04.810+05:00MCM304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCM304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">what problems where faced by Pakistan after Dhaka fall? (3 Marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">what is the condition of the staf of news paper in Pakistan ? (3 marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jot down the necessities of magazines Journalism? (3 Marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">describe the historical perspective of news agency ? (5 Marks)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What kind of Reporting Pakistan Mass media did Afghan War? (5 Marks)</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-38017891898010163302011-12-04T21:12:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:39:03.310+05:00MCM-304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCM-304 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MASS-MEDIA IN PAKISTAN</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MID-TERM, DEC., 2011</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">... In 1822, which was the first urdu newspaper emerged:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Imroz</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jam-e-Jahanuma</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Masawat</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question: </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following Radio station was built in 1927? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Peshawar </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Rawalpindi </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lahore </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Multan </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1953, communal riots were started between Muslims and -----------------. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Hindus </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sikhs</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Christians </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Ahmedis </span></div><div></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The only medium of communication between the two wings of Pakistan was ________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Urdu </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">English </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Bengali </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Persian </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following paper was not published by Progressive Paper LTD? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Imroz </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lail o Nehar </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Pakistan Times </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1960, Magazines were replaced by----------------. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Newsletters </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Research articles </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Digests </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Add magazines </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">PNA included _________ Pakistani political parties. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">7 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">8 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">10 </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following newspaper was published by Moulana Zafar Ali Khan? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Tehzib ul Ikhlaq </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Zamindar </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Inqalab </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Manshoor </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The entry of -------------- affected the readership of the newspapers. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Folk Media </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Television </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Telephone </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Telefun </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question: </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In the inner political scenario of 1979, General Zia ul Haq was trying to ________the country. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Modernize </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Islamize </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Communize </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Communize </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In newspapers, there is a page to represent subjective opinion. It is called as----------------- </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">First page </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Editorial page </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Current affairs page </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Opinion page </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">When did Delhi fall occur? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1845 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1857 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1875 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1905 </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Gen Zia ul Haq was in favor of ___________. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">War </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jihad </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Modernism </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Communism </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question: </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Most of the newspapers that were in Delhi prior to independence were shifted to----------- </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Karachi </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Lahore </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Islamabad </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Rawalpindi </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">How many members of Islamic countries have participated in second Islamic conference? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">36 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">38 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">40</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">56 </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question: </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which Newspaper presented Pakistan Peoples' Party in 1969-1970 elections? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Awaz </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Masawat </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jasarat </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan </span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">An important aspect of Pictorial journalism is__________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Politics</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Society</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Showbiz</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">_____________ are considered as the most popular periodicals worldwide.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Literary magazines</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religious magazines</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Film magazines</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Political magazines</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">National Press Trust was basically __________body?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Media controlled</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">State controlled </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Foreign controlled</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">An independent</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">___________ Newspaper started Offset printing in Pakistan.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jang</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Nawa I waqt</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Kohistan</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jasarat</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1964, _____________was established and all the PPL papers were given to it.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Press bank</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">East Pakistan Press</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">West Pakistan Press</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">National Press Trust</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following resigned from the central legislature as protest against Rowlett act?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mahatma Gandhi</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Jawaharlal Nehru</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Quaid e Azam</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Allama Iqbal</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Which of the following is not found in literary magazine?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Poetry</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Critical reviews of different books</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">News</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Short stories</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Major contribution of periodicals in the history of Pakistan had been in the area of_____________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Politics</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Literature</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Freedom</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Religion</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Every reporter in a newspaper has a special ________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Skill</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Page</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Event</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Beat</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The first Urdu newspaper jame jahan Numa was published in ________?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1800</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1815</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1822</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1830</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of the following are the basic segments of a newspaper EXCEPT:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Editorials</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">News</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Columns</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Advertising</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In offset printing photographic plates are used and then it is converted on ________ plate.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sulphite</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Phosphorus</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Alumunium</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Iron</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">United Press of Pakistan came into existence in December_________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1947</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1948</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1949</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1950</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">There is a Chinese saying that a good picture is better than _________words.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">One hundred</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">One thousand</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">One million</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">One million</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In earlier times the layout of the newspaper was just like a____________.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Journal</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Article</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Magazine</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Book</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The readership of English newspapers is very much different in :</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Culture</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Values</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Economic interest</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">All of above</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In 1953'Kohistan' was published by a famous novel writer:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Charagh Hassan Hasrat</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Molana Hasrat Mohani</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Nasim Hijazi</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sir Syed Ahmed Khan</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">After Independence the mass medium or Newspapers gauranted full freedom in which during whom's government:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Yahya Khan</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Gen Ayub Khan</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Gen Zia</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Bhutto's era</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In Pakistan after independence till , Litho printing was used:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1949</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1957</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1953</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1962</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">After signing the Shimla agreement with Indian government Pakistani Army Prisnors were released:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">90000</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">59000</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">79000</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">93000</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28th May was the .</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Independence day.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Nuclear testing day</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Constitution day</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">War day</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Society magazines are also known as .</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Film Magazine</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Political Magazine</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Fashion Magazine</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Digest Magazine</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">is also considered as the oldest news agency of the world.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">United Press International</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Agence France-Presse</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Reuters</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Associated Press</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In Ayub Khan's Era, the deputy Commisioner was given the right to .</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Accepting Lisence</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Accepting the declaration</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Refuse the Declaration</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Misuse the Lisence</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Discuss US movement during Afghan War? (3-Marks)</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Define Magazine, Periodical, and Journal? (3-Marks)</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Discuss the condition of the newspaper in Pakistan. (3-Marks)</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Discuss whether the feature writing is helpful for newspaper or not? (5-Marks)</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Is the forum discussion is healthy and informative source for the public? (5-Marks)</span></div><div></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Discuss the work of newspapers on the decision of Musharaf's Government to Support Us. (5-marks)</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-48232862982212760602011-12-04T21:12:00.003+05:002011-12-04T21:38:56.710+05:00MCM511 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCM511 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. Hutchins commission it emphasized the need for an independent press that scrutinizes other social institutions and </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">provides objective, accurate, news reports. Discuss 3 marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Factionalist approach discuss with the media example 3 marks</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. Carl Hovland to study the claim of mass society theory, he experimented on the soldiers with assumption. Discuss marks 5</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. Resonance occurs when real world support the distorted image of realty shown on television discuss marks 3</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Social construction of reality and cultivation discuss</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-32550157250675876702011-12-04T21:11:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:45:44.554+05:00Eng201 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Eng201 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">eng201 ka paper boht easy aata hy mera paper 2nd dec. ko tha boht easy tha.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">is k liey yeh 12 lecture achi tarah tiar karo</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lec 3</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lect 8, 9, 10</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lect 14, 15, 16, 17</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lect 19, 20,21</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">lec 22</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">is sy ap k 25 sy above marks aa jaen gy out of 35</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">paper pattern of eng 201</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">10 mcqs = each 1 marks = 10*1 = 10 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 short question each 2 marks = 2*2 = 4 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 short question each 3 marks = 3*2 = 6 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3 long question each 5 marks = 5*3 = 15 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total =10+4+6+15= 35 marks.</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-40977586721731898012011-12-04T21:11:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:38:52.611+05:00FIN-621 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">FIN-621 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Paper that was quit easy</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Total MCQs was 22 that was from past papers, just 3 to 4 was new</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">And Subjective was These. . .</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1) Difference between Cost and Expense</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) If the company issues stocks or bonds to pay debts, would you include it in the cash flow statement?</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3) Explain how the adoptions of FIFO method rather than LIFO will tend to raise or lower the quality of a company's earnings? </span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Assume the continuance of the inflation</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4) Aik Numerical tha Cash flow statement ka....</span></div></div><div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">aur 5 Question.</span></div></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-77420090052166310602011-12-04T21:10:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:45:42.769+05:00Eco401 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Eco401 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sometimes market activities (production, buying, and selling) have unintended positive or negative effects outside the </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">market's scope. These are called externalities. As a policy maker concerned with correcting the effects of gases and </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">particulates emitted by and local power plant, answer the following questions:<br />
<br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1.What two policies could you use to reduce the total amount of emissions?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2.Why do you think they each would work?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3.What would the benefits of each action be (besides emissions reduction)?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4.What would the costs of each action be?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5.How would you decide what was the best level of emission reduction?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Another Paper:</b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">total 32 Ques</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">28 MCQz</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4 long Q</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2 Qs 3 marks, and 2 Qs 5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCQzz almost past aur elasticity, Price descrimination , demand supply se thy</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Qs: Monopoly & Oligopoly mein Profit maximization mein kiya difenrce hai</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q: labor , budget ka numeric question tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">baki yad nahi</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-85846260851563173022011-12-04T21:10:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:45:38.682+05:00CS614 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">CS614 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">16 MCQs</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1. We use de-normalization which means redundant data. IF Duplication is in the source system what are the effects of this </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">duplication in Analysis of Data ware house? 5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2. Briefly describe the features of Dimensional Modeling? 5 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3. We use CDC in both legacy systems and modern systems. What are the benefits of using CDC in modern systems as compared to </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">legacy systems? 3 Marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4. From distributive, algebraic and holistic transformation which is used in statistical analyzer? Give answer with reason. 3 </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5. Round robin distribution is pre- defined? Do you agreed or not. Give your answer with argument? 2 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">6. Differentiate between MOLAP and DOLAP in terms of implementation? 2 marks</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">7. Differentiate b\w offline extractions and online extraction? 2 marks</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-43580206231857846162011-12-04T21:09:00.002+05:002011-12-04T21:45:35.258+05:00CS614 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">CS614 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">( Marks: 2)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What problem made re-aggregate in ROLAP?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">( Marks: 3 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Under what condition smart tools work properly to construct a less detailed aggregate from more detailed aggregate</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">( Marks: 3 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Briefly explain the basic Data Transformation task?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">( Marks: 5 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">After completing the transformation task, data loading activity is started. How many types of data loading strategies are and </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">when each type of strategy is adopted? Explain</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">( Marks: 5 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is business process? Also explain why modiling stratigy sufficient in this process?</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-68024080351605127542011-12-04T21:08:00.005+05:002011-12-04T21:45:32.388+05:00CS504 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">CS504 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
long questions are as follows.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1) Aggregation ki atleast two real life examples. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) identify the following:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">i) data.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">ii) program </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">iii) documentation </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">3) Explain these: </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">1) object creation </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">2) object life time </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">4) what textual analysis. explain it? </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">5) By following the software architecture define the Structure of "a house with its mendator, (shayed yhi spellings the) with the software structure analysis. </span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3358095495546508473.post-62198237127946461992011-12-04T21:08:00.004+05:002011-12-04T21:45:31.817+05:00CS504 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (www.vusolutions.com)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">CS504 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">20 MCQ's thay jo past paper main sy ni thay</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q1= peter methodology sy koch sentence ko true statement batani thi</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q2=peter methodology sy ak paragraph sy 2 object batnay thay</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q3= ak diagram thi us main object or message batna tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q4= ak coding wala sawal tha</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q5= AS a software engineer batain sequence diagram or collaboration diagram kis jaga use krain gy</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Q6=koch statements sy ture statement batani thain</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><b>Another Papers:</b></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Cs504- Software Engineering-I</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Syed M. Umair Saulat</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Mc100403250</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Time 8.00 AM at North Nazimabad Campus Karachi</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Time : 60 minutes</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Total Question 26</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">MCQs 21</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Short Question 5 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What are architectural designs Process, explain briefly?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">System structuring: -</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">System structuring is concerned with decomposing the system into interacting sub-systems. The system is decomposed into </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">several principal sub-systems and communications between these sub-systems are identified</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Control modeling:- Control modeling establishes a model of the control relationships between the different parts of the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">system.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Modular decomposition:- During this activity, the identified sub-systems are decomposed into modules. This design process is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">further elaborated in the following section where architectural views are discussed.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is action-oriented approach for Software Design?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In the case of action-oriented approach, data is decomposed according to functionality requirements. That is, decomposition </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">revolves around function. In the OO approach, decomposition of a problem revolves around data. Action-oriented paradigm </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">focuses only on the functionality of a system and typically ignores the data until it is required. Object- oriented paradigm </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">focuses both on the functionality and the data at the same time. The basic difference between these two is decentralized </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">control mechanism versus centralized control mechanism respectively. Decentralization gives OO the ability to handle </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">essential complexity better than action-oriented approach.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Define cohesion.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Cohesion is an internal property of a module. Cohesion describes the intra-component linkages while couple shows the inter-</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">component linkages. Cohesion measures the independence of a module.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is OOP</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming language model organized around "objects" rather than "actions" and data </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">rather than logic. Historically, a program has been viewed as a logical procedure that takes input data, processes it, and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">produces output data.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What is the difference between Aggregation and Association?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:-</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">As compared to association, aggregation implies a tighter coupling between the two objects which are involved in this </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationship. Therefore, one way to differentiate between aggregation and association is that if the two objects are tightly </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">coupled, that is, if they cannot exist independently, it is an aggregation, and if they are usually considered as </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">independent, it is an association.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">CS504 VU Midterm Current Papers Fall 2011 of Virtual University of Paksitan (<a href="http://www.vusolutions.com/">www.vusolutions.com</a>)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Fall 2011 Latest Papers (7 Current Papers)***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Papers Number 01***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Define: Data , **Documentation** , Program***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Cruise missile **scenario better fire which kind of design parameters are used for better work?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In some software the *efficiency* is more important and desirable. For example if we talk about a cruise missile or a nuclear </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">reactor controller that are droved by the software systems then performance and reliability is far more important than the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">cost-effectiveness and user-friendliness. In these cases if your software does not react within a certain amount of time</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">then it may result in the disaster like Chernobyl accident.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*After the analyzing you consider that the **cost and efficiency conflict **of a software then what you suggest to tackle </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">this situation? Give three best ways?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Law of diminishing returns shall be adopted.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Write three **types of messages **in sequence diagrams: 21-lec***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Sequence diagrams can depict many different types of messages. These are: synchronous or simple, asynchronous, create, and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">destroy. The following diagram shows the notation and types of arrows used for these different message types.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 11 (Marks: 2)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Suppose you are working as a software engineer involved in the development of an e-commerce website.** What are the 2 most </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">important characteristics your software must have? *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:- (Software engineering ---Page 797 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Two most important characteristics are that software should be reliable and useable.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Then security is also concern</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Papers Number 02***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Question No: 3 ( Marks: -- )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*HOW DO YOU DETERMINE THAT AN OBJECTIVE BELONGS TO CERTAIN CLASS?** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:- (Page 85)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The basic unit of object oriented design is an object. An object can be defined as a tangible entity that exhibits some well </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">defined behavior. The structure and behavior of similar objects are defined in their common class. A class specifies an </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">interface and defines an implementation.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is the difference between Aggregation and Association?** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:- (Page 87)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">As compared to association, aggregation implies a tighter coupling between the two objects which are involved in this </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationship. Therefore, one way to differentiate between aggregation and association is that if the two objects are tightly </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">coupled, that is, if they cannot exist independently, it is an aggregation, and if they are usually considered as </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">independent, it is an association.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q2) What is meant by"**System's Static **View"?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Relationship Among Objects***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The object model presents a static view of the system and illustrates how different objects collaborate with one another </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">through patterns of interaction. Inheritance, association and aggregation are the three inter-object relationships specified </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">by the object model.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Inheritance defines a "kind of" hierarchy among classes. By inheritance, we specify generalization/specialization </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationship among objects. In this relationship, a class (called the subclass) shares the structure and behavior defined in </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">another class (called the superclass). A subclass augments or redefines the existing structure and behavior of its</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">superclass. By classifying objects into groups of related abstractions, we come to explicitly distinguish the common and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">distinct properties of different objects, which further help us to master their inherent complexity. Identifying the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">hierarchy within a complex system requires the discovery of patterns among many objects.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In an association relationship, when object A "uses" object B, then A may send messages to B. The relationship defines </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">visibility among objects.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The aggregation relationship defines part-of structure among objects. When object A is part of the state of object B, A is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">said to be contained by B. There are some tradeoffs between aggregation and association relationships. Aggregation reduces </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">the number of objects that must be visible at the level of enclosing objects and may lead to undesirable tighter coupling </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">among objects.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Differentiate between Association and Aggregation ?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Association and Aggregation - Some basic differences***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Objects do not exist in isolation. They rather collaborate with one another in many different ways to achieve an overall </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">goal. The different types of relationships in which these objects are involved include association, aggregation, and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">inheritance. Briefly, inheritance denotes a "kind of" relationship, aggregation denotes a "part of" relationship, and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">association denotes some semantic connection among otherwise unrelated classes.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Any further elaboration on inheritance relationship is beyond the scope of this discussion and therefore we shall concentrate </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">on agrregation and association relationships only.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">As mentioned earlier, aggregation is the "part-whole" or "a-part-of" relationship in which objects representing the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">components of something are encapsulated within an object representing the entire assembly. In other words, the whole is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">meaningless without its parts and the part cannot exist without its container or assembly.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is behavior driven perceptive of an objective?** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:- (Page 85)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Behavior is how an object acts and reacts in terms of its state changes and message passing. The behavior of an object is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">completely defined by its actions. A message is some action that one object performs upon another in order to elicit a </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">reaction. The operations that clients may perform upon an object are called methods.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is textual analysis?** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Object-Oriented Analysis using Abbot's Textual Analysis***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The first object-orientation technique that we will study is one of the oldest techniques to identify objects and their </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationships. This technique is called *Textual Analysis*. It was initially developed by *Abbot * and then extended by </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Graham and others.* In this technique different parts of speech are identified within the text of the specification and</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">these parts are modeled using different components.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q5) What is **Software Architecture** **?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer:- (Page 116)</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Architecture is the organizational structure of a system. Architecture can be recursively decomposed into parts that interact </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">through interfaces, relationships that connect parts, and constraints for assembling parts. Parts that interact through </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">interfaces include classes, components and subsystems.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What do we mean by software architecture?</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Unfortunately, there is yet no single universally accepted definition. Nor is there a shortage of proposed definition </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">candidates.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The term is interpreted and defined in many different ways. At the essence of all the discussion about software architecture, </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">however, is a focus on reasoning about the structural issues of a system. And although architecture is sometimes used to mean </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">a certain architectural style, such as client-server, and sometimes used to refer to a field of study, it is most often used </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">to describe structural aspects of a particular system.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Before looking at the definitions for the software architecture, it is important to understand how a software system is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">defined. It is important because many definitions of software architecture make a reference to software systems.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*According to UML 1.3,* a system is a collection of connected units that are organized to accomplish a specific purpose. A </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">system can be described by one or more models, possibly from different viewpoints. IEEE Std. 610.12-1990 defines a system as </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">a collection of components organized to accomplish a specific function or set of functions.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">That is, a system is defined as an organized set of connected components to accomplish the specified tasks.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Let us now look at some of the software architecture definitions from some of the most influential writers and groups in the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">field.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*UML 1.3:***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Architecture is the organizational structure of a system. An architecture can be recursively decomposed into parts that </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">interact through interfaces, relationships that connect parts, and constraints for assembling parts. Parts that interact </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">through interfaces include classes, components and subsystems.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*IEEE Glossary***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Architectural design: The process of defining a collection of hardware and software components and their interfaces to </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">establish the framework for the development of a computer system</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q6) What is the **Cardinality **of Objective**?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Answer :- (Software engineering ---Page 334 )</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Cardinality.* The data model must be capable of representing the number of occurrences Objects in a given relationship. </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Tillmann [TIL93] defines the cardinality of an object/relationship pair in the following manner:</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*One-to-one (l:l)*—One occurrence of [object] 'A' can relate to one and only one occurrence of [object] 'B,' and an </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">occurrence of 'B' can relate to only one occurrence of 'A.'</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*One-to-many (l:N)—*One occurrence of [object] 'A' can relate to one or many occurrences of [object]'B,' but an occurrence of </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">'B' can relate to only one occurrence of 'A.' *For example, a mother can have many children, but a child can have only one </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">mother.*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Many-to-many (M:N)—*An occurrence of [object] 'A' can relate to one or more occurrences of 'B,' while an occurrence of 'B' </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">can relate to one or more occurrences of 'A.' *For example, an uncle can have many nephews, while a nephew can have many </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">uncles.*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Abstraction and encapsulation***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Abstraction and encapsulation are complementary concepts.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Abstraction* provides the outside view to the client and encapsulation prevents clients from seeing its inside view. For </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">abstraction to work, implementation must be encapsulated.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Encapsulation* hides the details of the implementation of an object. Intelligent encapsulation localizes design decisions </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">that are likely to change. The ability to change the representation of an object without disturbing any of its clients is the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">essential benefit of encapsulation.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Papers Number 03***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q1.Is the design of software architecture a iterative process? ( Marks 2)***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:* Just like any other design activity, design of software architecture is a creative and iterative process. This </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">involves performing a number of activities, not necessarily in any particular order or sequence. These include system </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">structuring, control modeling, and modular decomposition.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is textual analysis?** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Object-Oriented Analysis using Abbot's Textual Analysis***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">The first object-orientation technique that we will study is one of the oldest techniques to identify objects and their </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationships. This technique is called *Textual Analysis*. It was initially developed by *Abbot * and then extended by </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Graham and others.* In this technique different parts of speech are identified within the text of the specification and</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">these parts are modeled using different components. The following table shows this scheme.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q3. Think about any sales point and write the atteribute and serivses of "sale" object? ( Marks 3)** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Innovative Question , Solve it by yourself , with regard to Coad Methodology.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q4. If we matain **a **part of code **there is no effect **on other part .</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">What u say this kind of Code and wath principal is used for making this</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">code? ( Marks 3)** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q5. In which **situation **we can use **collaboration diagram **and sequence diagram**? ( Marks 5)** *</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q6. define aggregate and Narate the 2 examples of agreegate in real Life? ( Marks 5)***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">As mentioned earlier, aggregation is the "part-whole" or "a-part-of" relationship in which objects representing the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">components of something are encapsulated within an object representing the entire assembly. In other words, the whole is </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">meaningless without its parts and the part cannot exist without its container or assembly.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Papers Number 04***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What are architectural designs Process, explain briefly?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*System structuring: -*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">System structuring is concerned with decomposing the system into interacting sub-systems. The system is decomposed into </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">several principal sub-systems and communications between these sub-systems are identified</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Control modeling:-* Control modeling establishes a model of the control relationships between the different parts of the </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">system.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Modular decomposition:-* During this activity, the identified sub-systems are decomposed into modules. This design process </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">is further elaborated in the following section where architectural views are discussed.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is action-oriented approach for Software Design?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">* Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">In the case of action-oriented approach, data is decomposed according to functionality requirements. That is, decomposition </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">revolves around function. In the OO approach, decomposition of a problem revolves around data. Action-oriented paradigm </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">focuses only on the functionality of a system and typically ignores the data until it is required. Object-oriented paradigm </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">focuses both on the functionality and the data at the same time. The basic difference between these two is decentralized </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">control mechanism versus centralized control mechanism respectively. Decentralization gives OO the ability to handle </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">essential complexity better than action-oriented approach.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Define cohesion.***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Cohesion is an internal property of a module. Cohesion describes the intra-component linkages while couple shows the inter-</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">component linkages.Cohesion measures the independence of a module.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is OOP***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming language model organized around "objects" rather than "actions" and data </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">rather than logic. Historically, a program has been viewed as a logical procedure that takes input data, processes it, and </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">produces output data.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*What is the difference between Aggregation and Association?***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Answer:-*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">As compared to association, aggregation implies a tighter coupling between the two objects which are involved in this </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">relationship. Therefore, one way to differentiate between aggregation and association is that if the two objects are tightly </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">coupled, that is, if they cannot exist independently, it is an aggregation, and if they are usually considered as </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">independent, it is an association.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Paper Number 05***</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q1= peter methodology sy koch sentence ko true statement batani thi*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q2=peter methodology sy ak paragraph sy 2 object batnay thay*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q3= ak diagram thi us main object or message batna tha*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q4= ak coding wala sawal tha*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q5= As a software engineer batain sequence diagram or collaboration diagram kis jaga use krain gy*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q6=koch statements sy ture statement batani thain*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Paper Number 06*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">20 mcqs</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*peter cod main say question tha*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*ak statement di hoi thi us main say object btanay thay using methdolog abstraction tha*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*peter cod walay main say ak or tha*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*methods btanay thay to analyze software quality*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*ak ajeeb sa question tha ,wo main nay nahi kiya , mara paper to buhat acha hoa*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Paper Number 07</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Q No. 01**Identify Objects in the given figure. 2 Marks*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Define Coupling? 2 Marks*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*To write a maintainable code which factors /issues , which design code ,should kept in mind*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*While defining the attributes of an object which point should should be kept in mind.state at least 3 with examples….3 </span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Marks*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Fill in the blanks with suitable words. 5 Marks*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Encapsulation</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Multiple Inheritance</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Classes/Class</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">Association.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Explain the Whole Part in the following figure.*</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;"><br />
</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: verdana, sans-serif;">*Sale|>--------------------|Sale Line Items. 5 Marks*</span></div></div>Virtual University (VUsolutions Past/Old Papers))http://www.blogger.com/profile/06373375093840739587noreply@blogger.com